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For example: Rabies is an important disease. It is not possible to diagnose rabies for certain in a live dog (or any animal). Definitive diagnosis of rabies can only occur when brain or other tissue is examined by a pathologist after the animal has died or has been killed. However, many dogs infected with rabies will show changes in behaviour – becoming more aggressive, showing drooling of saliva from the mouth and more likely to attack and bite other animals and people. Some dogs show these signs even though they are not infected with rabies – just because they are aggressive dogs or drooling because they have something stuck in their mouth or throat. We use the syndrome of changes in behaviour (aggression, biting, salivation, depression) as a way of identifying dogs that may have rabies. Dogs that show these signs can be isolated and watched to see if they continue to develop signs that are suggestive of rabies and they may be killed or sent for post mortem to test for rabies.