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Why have a regional control or eradication program?

Regional disease control or eradication programs have been an important facet of livestock production since at least the 18th century. Early programs were directed at eradication of outbreaks of severe diseases such as rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease from Europe and the UK in the 18th and 19th centuries. Also in the 19th century, Australia eradicated sheep scab from its national flock, while in the mid-late 20th century contagious bovine pleuro-pneumonia brucellosis and tuberculosis were also eradicated from the Australian cattle population. More recently, in 2011 international freedom from rinderpest was proclaimed after a protracted eradication campaign. This is only the second time global eradication of a disease has been achieved (following the eradication of smallpox in the mid 20^th century) and the first time for an animal disease.